Dynamite Alfred Nobel Essay Example

Dynamite Alfred Nobel Essay Example Dynamite Alfred Nobel Essay Dynamite Alfred Nobel Essay For the implementation of the tests for explosive-based cable bolts, three different explosives gunpowder, emulsion dynamite and gelatinite dynamite were used (Thompson, 285-291). The amount of explosive to be placed into the cap is very important. If the amount of explosive becomes relatively high, a greater than required pressure will be applied onto the borehole wall. As a result of this pressure, some cracks may occur in the rockmass. In contrast to this, if the explosive is less than needed, the cap will not expand adequately, and the anchorage capacity will be decreased. According to calculations carried out for the gelatinite dynamite, the required amount of the explosive was found to be ~780 g. However, this amount is only a reference quantity for a first approach. The real quantity, found using the trial and error method in the tests, amounts to 75 g/cap. Similarly, explosions are conducted on large scales in the destruction of buildings, in a way that the surrounding areas have minimal effects of the dynamite blasts and the tasks of the engineers are accomplished very efficiently and effectively (Perrings, 129-135). â€Å"In 1867 dynamite was invented, and in 1869 the mechanical drill run by compressed air was invented. These two inventions created a technological revolution in the mining industry. Dynamite was safer and easier to control than black powder. A steam engine-driven air compressor for the mechanical drill was generally installed outside the mine, and air lines were extended to the drills under ground. Most mines were worked on a small scale, with only a few miners and support personnel. † (Technology of Colonial and Victorian Iron Mining) The anchorage of the first 8 concepts was provided by a friction force developed through expansion of the cap in the borehole wall (Thompson, 285-291). However, for the oblique concept, a rotational moment has been additionally created by the pulling of the cable attached to the cap. The cap designed for this concept is shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In this concept, the upper part of the cap has been designed to be inclined. There were also 2-mm deep scratches on the cap as for the other concepts. These scratches facilitate the expansion of the cap. In this system, the barrel and wedge anchor for holding the cable causes the rotational moment on the cap. This rotational moment gives rise to additional friction between the cap and the borehole wall. These oblique caps are illustrated in Fig. 3. The invention of dynamite in the middle of 19th century was surely a breakthrough in some of the industrial processes. It was through this dynamite that, Alfred Nobel made further discoveries and went on to make a number of industries. The use of dynamite still dominates in the mining and construction industries and is considered to be one of the most significant discoveries of its time. A. G. Thompson: Tensioning reinforcing cables. Rock support in mining and underground construction, Rotterdam, Balkema, 1992, 285-291. Alfred Nobel His Life and Work http://nobelprize. org/alfred_nobel/biographical/articles/life-work/index. html Accessed, March 18, 2007

Saudi Arabia essays

Saudi Arabia essays The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, occupying most of the Arabian Peninsula, is located in the southwestern corner of Asia. It covers an area about one-fourth the size of the United States. More than half of its total area is desert terrain. The capital of Saudi is Riyadh, which is located in the central region of the country. Saudi Arabia's official language is Arabic, although English is also spoken in the Kingdom, most commonly in the business community. The official religion of Saudi is Islam. Two of the holiest Islamic cities, Makkah and Madinah, are located within its borders. Makkah is the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and is the focal point of the Islamic Pilgrimage. Madinah is where the Prophet Muhammad lived. Also, The Kingdom's Judicial System stems from Islamic Law and the Holy Qur'an, which still bases its beliefs on the "eye for an eye" form of punishment. Hence, many wrongdoers swiftly lose their limbs and, in some cases, their lives to a well place axe in the infamous "Chop-Chop" square. There are approximately 21 million people in the Kingdom. Although most are Saudi Nationals, many outsiders from the U.S. and surrounding Arabic nations come to Saudi Arabia for various employment opportunities. In fact, a large percentage of Saudi nationals do not work because of the lucrative returns from oil revenues. For those less fortunate, the Saudi work week is from Saturday through Wednesday with the weekend being Thursday and Friday because the Muslim holy day of the week is Friday. Businesses are usually closed during the heat of the day, for prayer and resting. Business hours are generally 8:00am-noon and 4:00pm-6:00pm. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is obviously a monarchy headed by King Fahd Bin Adbul Aziz. The government is made up of the King, the Crown Prince, and, similar to the U.S. cabinet, the ...

Workplace Training Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Workplace Training - Essay Example The ever-changing and dynamic business environment demands that there be effective work place training. Training is a critical prerequisite for occupational competence and excellence at the business environment. Conduct of the training requires input from relevant professionals and or senior members of the business who may work as trainers. It involves providing technical and practical inputs necessary for staffs and other stakeholders to a business. Planned and executed by and for different actors, business or workplace training takes different dimensions and perspectives. However, whatever dimension adapted to deliver the required inputs, training has a sole objective must be ultimately achieved. In an attempt to implement the training process, businesses face multi-dimensional constraints or threats, opportunities, weaknesses and strength associated with the intervention. In essence, workplace training in a business environment is vulnerable to both negative and positive constrain ts with different dimensions. In the contemporary business sphere, training is a necessary input that any business must adhere to maintain business and marketing competence. Rationale for Training Work place training has varied significance to any business. Training enables business stakeholders to acquire relevant skills and competence necessary for engaging in business in a dynamic environment. The global business sphere continues to exhibit complexities and uncertainties thanks to stiff competition made worse by frequent recessions.