Marine Arthropod Facts and Examples

Arthropods are organisms belonging to the kingdom Animalia and the phylum Arthropoda. They are a very diverse group of animals that includes but is far from limited to insects, crustaceans, spiders, scorpions, and centipedes. Arthropods make up the largest phylum in the world, with more numbers and species diversity than most other phyla. With more than 800,000 known species of arthropods, it is no wonder that they dominate the land and sea. Characteristics of Arthropods All Arthropods Jointed legs: Jointed legs allow arthropods to travel quickly regardless of their method of transportation. Whether swimming or scurrying across the ground, arthropods are speedy because of their jointed legs.A segmented body: An arthropods body can be divided into one, two, or three main sections. If they have one section, it is called a trunk. If they have two sections, these are called the cephalothorax and abdomen. If they have three sections, the third section is the head.A hard exoskeleton: The exoskeleton of an arthropod is made of a strong polysaccharide called chitin. This hard shell protects the animal, retains moisture, and sometimes even plays a role in reproduction.Compound eyes: Compound eyes allow arthropods to take in their environment in a variety of ways. Arthropods can see through a very wide lens and use their compound eyes to detect the slightest of motions and perceive any depth. Additional features make certain species of arthropods better suited for their specific habitat. Terrestrial Arthropods Land dwelling arthropods have a number of features that enable them to succeed in their environment. Stinger: The stinger allows terrestrial arthropods to inject their prey with poison and paralyze, injure, or dissolve it into an edible liquid.Book Lungs/Trachea: In order to respirate air, terrestrial arthropods need a special set of lungs and/or trachea. Book lungs are layered organs that expand to take air in and contract to absorb it.Spinnerets: Terrestrial arthropods like spiders use spinnerets to produce webs. These can be used for shelter, prey entrapment, courtship, etc. Aquatic Arthropods Like land-dwelling arthropods, aquatic arthropods require adaptations that make living wholly or partially underwater possible. Gills: Just as book lungs allow for terrestrial respiration, gills allow for aquatic respiration. Marine arthropods use their gills to take in water and absorb its oxygen into their bloodstream.Cement Glands: Cement glands are unique adaptations that allow barnacles to adhere to nearly any surface. The adhesive secreted helps barnacles cling to rocks, ships, and other organisms and is so strong that scientists study its properties as inspiration for new materials.Swimmerets: Swimmerets allow some species of aquatic arthropods to swim, a movement that closely resembles running quickly through the water. In some species, a pair of swimmerets is used to inseminate mates. Habitat and Distribution Arthropods can survive in nearly any habitat. Different species can be found on dry land, water, or a combination of both. Aquatic arthropods are often found in coastal habitats like sandy beaches and intertidal areas but can even live comfortably in the deep sea. Horseshoe crabs are one of the oldest known species of marine arthropods. They have been known to inhabit both deep ocean waters and coastal sands. With as many species of arthropods as are living on the earth, it is far more difficult to find an environment or ecosystem where arthropods are not present than to find one where they are. Reproduction Arthropods usually reproduce sexually through external fertilization or, more uncommonly, asexually in cases where both male and female reproductive organs are present in one organism. External fertilization occurs when a male arthropod encases its sperm in a pouch that is deposited directly into a female arthropod or sent free to be taken up by a female. The offspring of most species of arthropods begin as eggs, then hatch from these and enter a larval stage. In many arthropods, such as crabs, you can see these eggs attached to the hard abdomen. The larvae undergo metamorphosis, sometimes emerging from a cocoon during the pupal stage, to progress into adulthood. Water presents interesting challenges to the offspring of aquatic arthropods. Throughout this process of metamorphosis, young marine arthropods drift through the sea and can cover great distances in this manner. They have no control over where they end up before they reach adulthood. Examples of Marine Arthropods Examples of marine arthropods include: LobstersCrabs (e.g., green crab, spider crab, hermit crab)Horseshoe crabsSea spidersBarnaclesCopepodIsopodsAmphipodsSkeleton shrimpBarnaclesKrill Sources â€Å"Arthropods.†Ã‚  Biology, Libretexts, 15 June 2019.â€Å"Arthropods: Underwater Knights in Shining Armor.†Ã‚  The Wonders of the Seas, Oceanic Research Group.Fleury, Bruce E. â€Å"Lab 5 - Arthropods.†Ã‚  Diversity, Tulane University.

The 20 Largest Cities in China

China is the worlds largest country based on population with a total of 1,330,141,295 people. It is also the worlds third largest country in terms of area as it covers 3,705,407 square miles (9,596,961 sq km). China is divided into 23 provinces, five autonomous regions, and four direct-controlled municipalities. In addition, there are over 100 cities in China that have a population greater than one million people. The Most Populous Cities in China The following is a list of the twenty most populous cities in China arranged from largest to smallest. All numbers are based on the metropolitan area population or in some cases, the sub-provincial city amount. The years of the population estimate have been included for reference. All numbers were obtained from the city pages on Wikipedia.org. Those cities with an asterisk (*) are direct-controlled municipalities. 1) Beijing: 22,000,000 (2010 estimate)* 2) Shanghai: 19,210,000 (2009 estimate)* 3) Chongqing: 14,749,200 (2009 estimate)* Note: This is the urban population for Chongqing. Some estimates state that the city has a population of 30 million — this larger number is representative of both the urban and rural population. This information was obtained from the ​Chongqing Municipal Government​. ​ 4) Tianjin: 12,281,600 (2009 estimate)* 5) Chengdu: 11,000,670 (2009 estimate) 6) Guangzhou: 10,182,000 (2008 estimate) 7) Harbin: 9,873,743 (date unknown) 8) Wuhan: 9,700,000 (2007 estimate) 9) Shenzhen: 8,912,300 (2009 estimate) 10) Xian: 8,252,000 (2000 estimate) 11) Hangzhou: 8,100,000 (2009 estimate) 12) Nanjing: 7,713,100 (2009 estimate) 13) Shenyang: 7,760,000 (2008 estimate) 14) Qingdao: 7,579,900 (2007 estimate) 15) Zhengzhou: 7,356,000 (2007 estimate) 16) Dongguan: 6,445,700 (2008 estimate) 17) Dalian: 6,170,000 (2009 estimate) 18) Jinan: 6,036,500 (2009 estimate) 19) Hefei: 4,914,300 (2009 estimate) 20) Nanchang: 4,850,000 (date unknown)

Say No to Animal Testing - 1436 Words

I. Every year, over 100 million animals sit in U.S laboratories waiting to be burned, crippled, poisoned and abused (â€Å"11 Facts about Animal Testing† par.1). a. Animals deserve the same security and wellbeing as humans and therefore should not be subjected to that kind of neglect and abuse. b. Animals that are a part of some kind of new medication research rarely make it out alive. In fact, 92% of experimental drugs that are safe and effective in animals fail in human clinical trials because they are too dangerous or don’t work (â€Å"11 Facts about Animal Testing† par. 2), only substantiating the point that animals will not react to medications the same way that humans will. c. Many animals are subjected to pain and suffering for no good†¦show more content†¦In 1992, 20 million were used. The decline may be due to the efforts of animal rights groups (â€Å"Animal Testing† par. 6). ii. It is great the animal activist were able to make such a big impact on the number of animal used in animal testing in the past; and if that big of an impact could be made today, nearly twice the number of animal lived that were saved in the past would be saved today. b. Although Societies for the Prevention of Cruelty to animals started forming long ago, it wasn’t until many years later that certain legislation laws were passed setting standards for the care of animals in laboratories. i. In 1824, Jeremy Bentham founded the first humane society; the RSPCA, also known as the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, or the ASPCA, was not formed until 1866 (â€Å"Animal Testing† par. 15). In 1876, England passed the Cruelty to Animals Act which controlled the use of animals in certain scientific experiments. The Animal Welfare Act was not passed in the U.S. until 1966. This act set minimum standards for the care of animals in laboratories and required government- run and private labs to submit to random inspections by the USDA (â€Å"Animal Testing† par. 17). ii. It is great that an animal welfare act was passed, but that does not necessarily mean that it is strongly enforced. The Animal Welfare actShow MoreRelatedSave Animals. Say No to Animal Testing!1390 Words   |  6 PagesArgumentative essay: Save animals. Say no to animal testing! Nowadays, it is a well-known fact that many companies test their products like cosmetics and medicines with animals before production to check their products ’safety and quality. A huge amount of animals are used in research purpose every year. Is it right for human beings to sacrifice millions of animals for testing purpose? Should animal testing be banned? Animal testing is a controversial issue and there is a heated debated about prosRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Bad1374 Words   |  6 PagesAGAINST ANIMAL TESTING! The question is not, Can they reason? nor, Can they talk? but rather, Can they suffer?   Did you know that over a hundred million animals get injured or die due to animal testing? But when you think about is it actually legal? So the thing is it doesn’t matter what we think because there are people who want themselves to live a better life then the animals and they do experimentation on the animals just so humans can live a better life. AndRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Inhumane For Diseases, And Development Of Medical Treatments983 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is animal testing? Animal testing is when scientist experiment on animals to find cures for diseases, and development of medical treatments. Many animals die because of this. Majority of people don’t know what they go through and how the process is done. Animal testing is inhumane for the following: why it is done, how it is done, and when it is done. To begin with, why is it done? Animal testing is done to protect humans from bad products that may hurt them, also to find ways to cure diseasesRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Should Be Used For Research1600 Words   |  7 Pageswhether the practice of animals research should be used. Many people believe animals are needed for research, while others think it is not fair for animals to be sacrificed and treated poorly during research. Animals used for research has bettered many human lives by new discoveries and advantages. Many people such as doctors, scientists, hospitals, research institutes use animal research to view how the human body works and to advance in scientific understanding. The first animal experiment started inRead Moreanimal testing essay1139 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Animal testing can be defined as the process of using animals in experiments. Normally the research such as biomedical researches, drug tests and toxicology tests are conducted in universities, medical schools, and pharmaceutical companies. 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Animal testing is cruel, however, it has helped us develop and become more advanced in sciences and technology. Below are the points and reasons for and against the motion, discussed to help you pick your side. Issues related to animal experimentation are frequently discussed these days, particularly in the media. It is often said that animals should not be used in testing because it is cruel and unnecessaryRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned847 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the biggest areas on where people gather around and protest is when they’re fighting agents animals testing. As well as the years has pasted on protesting on animals, it became more sires in increased in the 1960’s and 1970’s. Many cosmetics companies been testing on animals throughout the years there is also many that have n ot. The cosmetics line LUSH has been fighting over animals testing for over thirty years and will continue to fight for their right according to the company. When LUSHRead MoreAnimal Testing is Wrong! Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesPicture yourself in a testing laboratory; needles, drugs, and knives pointed in your direction with you having no idea what’s going on around you, this is how animals everyday are treated, we have to stop this now! Millions of animals are killed in laboratories everyday with no chance to object to what the testers are about to do to them. Animals feel as much pain as humans do so why does it make it okay to test on them when they are so alike to humans? Every day people test makeup, shampoos, andRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1581 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal testing is being used by different organizations all over the world to prevent specific diseases, especially cancer. Americans see animal testing having a harmful effect but it i s one of the main reasons why society has most cures for some illnesses. 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Hybrid Cloud Security Issues- Free-Samples - Assignmenthelp.com

Questions: Describe which Cloud Architectures you would Employ to assist SoftArc Engineering meet the Boards Strategy? Describe the Risks that you see associated with this new Hybrid Cloud strategy Describe the General Information Security steps and controls that you would recommend to the Board to Secure the Hybrid Cloud. 4.Discuss briefly what you would recommend should be included in SoftArc Engineerings BCP as a result of their adoption of a Hybrid Cloud approach. 5.Discuss the requirements that SoftArc Engineering will need to consider in order to Conduct remote server administration, Resource Management and SLA Management for its proposed IaaS and PaaS Instances. Answers: Cloud Computing Cloud Computing has as of late risen as a convincing worldview for overseeing and conveying administrations over the web. It is quickly changing the scene of data innovation, and at last transforming the long-held guarantee of utility registering into a reality. With such quick advancing and developing, it ends up plainly significant to see all angles about this innovation. This part gives a far reaching outline on the Cloud's life structures, definition, trademark, influences, design, and center innovation. It unmistakably arranges the Cloud's sending and administration models, giving a full portrayal of the Cloud administrations sellers. The section likewise addresses the client related angles, for example, the Service Level Agreement, benefit cost, and security issues. At long last, it covers nitty gritty correlations between the Cloud Computing worldview and other existing ones notwithstanding its huge difficulties. 1.Architecture Selection Hybrid Cloud: is a sort of distributed computing, which is coordinated. It can be a game plan of at least two cloud servers, i.e. private, open or group cloud that is bound together yet stay singular elements. Advantages of the numerous organization models are accessible in a half breed cloud facilitating. A half breed cloud can cross confinement and defeat limits by the supplier; subsequently, it can't be just arranged into open, private or group cloud. It allows the client to build the limit or the capacity by collection, digestion or customization with another cloud bundle/benefit. In a half breed cloud, the assets are overseen and given either in-house or by outside suppliers. It is an adjustment among two stages in which the workload trades between the private cloud and the general population cloud according to the need and request. Assets that are non-basic like improvement and test workloads can be housed in people in general cloud that has a place with an outsider supplier. While the workloads that are basic or touchy must be housed inside. Consider a web based business site, which is facilitated on a private cloud that gives security and adaptability, since security is not a prime worry for their pamphlet webpage it is facilitated on an open cloud which is more temperate when contrasted with a private cloud. Organizations that have more concentrate on security and interest for their special nearness can execute half and half cloud as a powerful business procedure. When confronting request spikes the extra assets that are required by a specific application can be gotten to from people in general cloud. This is named as cloud blasting and is accessible with the half breed cloud. Associations can utilize the half and half cloud show for preparing enormous information. On a private cloud, it can hold deals, business and different information and can start scientific questions over people in general cloud as the general population cloud is compelling to take care of the demand spikes. Half breed cloud facilitating is empowered with elements like adaptability, adaptability and security. On the off chance that one is prepared to neglect a couple challenges like application program interface incongruence, arrange availability issues and capital consumptions, then the half and half cloud would be a suitable choice. Benefits for selecting Hybrid Cloud Architecture General society cloud has conveyed demonstrated advantages for specific workloads and utilizes cases. New businesses, test/dev. situations and sites with pinnacles and troughs in web activity all advantage from general society cloud. In any case, there are exchange offs, especially with regards to mission-basic information security. On the other hand, devoted rigging can convey upgraded security benefits for mission-basic applications, yet is of restricted use for applications with short timeframes of realistic usability.( Deepak Puthal 2013) Money saving advantages Half and half cloud advantages are effectively quantifiable. As indicated by our exploration, by interfacing committed or on-premises assets to cloud parts, organizations can see a normal lessening in general IT expenses of around 17%. By utilizing the advantages of half breed cloud, your business can lessen general aggregate cost of proprietorship and enhance cost effectiveness. Half breed cloud enables you to all the more intently match your cost example to your income/request design, and all the while, move your business from a capital-concentrated cost model to an Opex-based model. Enhanced Security The security of client exchanges and individual data is dependably of prime significance for any business. By joining committed and cloud assets, you can address numerous security and consistence concerns. Beforehand, strict PCI consistence necessities implied running installment applications on disengaged committed equipment, well far from the cloud. Advances development Making the move to half breed cloud could be the greatest stride you take toward future sealing your business and staying inventive. Crossover cloud gives your business access to immense open cloud assets, the capacity to test new abilities and advancements quickly and the opportunity to get the opportunity to advertise quicker without gigantic in advance speculation. The power behind the half and half cloud is OpenStack, the open-source registering stage. Created by Rackspace in relationship with NASA, OpenStack is a key facilitator of mixture cloud development. OpenStack's community oriented nature can address the genuine issues your business faces both now and later on. Also, it offers the flexibility to construct an answer that addresses your issue from every one of the alternatives accessible in the market. Quality and availability: Downtime will without a doubt occur eventually. Be that as it may, when you run applications in and outside of your association organize, you can better shield yourself from a power outage, paying little mind to whether it occurs as a rule society cloud or inside your own specific framework. 2..Risk for Hybrid Cloud technology Risk Overview Availability of many suppliers This maybe the greatest test to dealing with a cross breed cloud independent from anyone else. By and large, as indicated by Right Scale, associations are running no less than 1.8 open clouds and 2.3 private clouds. Having different suppliers regularly prompts disarray over which cloud condition is being conveyed when and monitoring those costs, regardless of whether it's your outsourced supplier or your in-house IT group (Ciullo, Zucco, Calabrese, et al 2016). So despite the fact that a half and half cloud can help you deal with your expenses by amplifying your workload proficiency, it can likewise bring about a larger number of cerebral pains since you're managing more than one supplier. You'll need a solid correspondence arrange between your IT group and your suppliers' groups (Dan Sullivan Finding the right expert Yes, it's leeway of cream cloud, however without genuine organization; it can in like manner be a giant test and damage to grasping cross breed cloud regardless. It's definitely not hard to lose control of your open cloud spends, and in the event that you're juggling spending for different lines of business, cloud waste can be an essential issue. You'll have to look out for your cloud bills. Expensive to maintain Yes, it's leeway of cream cloud, however without genuine organization; it can in like manner be a giant test and damage to grasping cross breed cloud regardless. It's definitely not hard to lose control of your open cloud spends, and in the event that you're juggling spending for different lines of business, cloud waste can be an essential issue. You'll have to look out for your cloud bills. Cloud Communication A crossbreed cloud is about keeping up accessibility between the all-inclusive community and private cloud organizes and ensuring data trade. The administration needs to set down methods of overseeing cloud innovation through utilization of the correct master. 3.Information security steps in deploying Hybrid cloud technology architecture Security and protection are key worries for any client utilizing distributed computing, whatever the organization demonstrate. The CSCC white paper Security for Cloud Computing: 10 Steps to Ensure Success [6] portrays the general concerns identifying with security and protection when utilizing distributed computing. The dangers and methodologies portrayed in that white paper apply for the most part to half and half cloud. Extra contemplations that emerge from the different distributed computing situations required in crossover cloud are examined in this segment. Cross breed distributed computing includes at least one private cloud administrations and at least one open cloud administrations, in addition to some client in-house applications and frameworks, Applications and administrations may exist in each of these conditions, alongside information, for instance, as records or databases. Associations exist between the diverse situations, which can be practical, authoritative and busine ss related. The extra difficulties for the cloud benefit client in taking care of security and protection for crossover cloud sending, well beyond those which apply to different types of cloud administration arrangement, for the most part concern the interfaces between the distinctive conditions, the development of uses and information between the situations and the composed control of advantages over these conditions. Security should be connected reliably over this entire framework. A dialog of the interfaces and the development of utilizations and information required with distributed computing situations is canvassed in the CSCC white paper Interoperability and Portability for Cloud Computing: A Guide [3]. Relocating applications to cloud situations is talked about in the CSCC white paper Migrating Applications to Public Cloud Services: Roadmap for Success [7]. For half and half cloud organizations, the interfaces between parts running in the diverse conditions and the spread of information between those situations are the wellsprings of extra hazard that must be tended to with reasonable controls. This can incorporate some loss of control over resources and information put into a cloud supplier's frameworks. Regardless of this innate loss of control, cloud benefit clients still need to assume liability for their utilization of distributed computing administrations with a specific end goal to keep up situational mindfulness, measure choices, set needs, and impact changes in security and protection that are to the greatest advantage of the association. Crossover cloud arrangement requires the cloud benefit client to guarantee close and normal contact with each cloud specialist organization and to know about the cloud benefit assertion that applies to each cloud administration to guarantee the arrangement of the significant arrangements for security and protection. In half and half cloud, controls and arrangements should be fit over every one of the framework s utilized by the cloud benefit client. Specifically, the assurance of individual information put away and handled on the supplier's frameworks must be guaranteed. Cloud benefit clients should likewise guarantee suitable coordination of cloud administrations with their own frameworks for overseeing security and protection. Going for broke the rundown of security dangers related with distributed computing introduced in the CSCC security white paper, here are particular dangers that identify with half and half cloud sending 4.BCP for appropriation of Cloud Server innovation Before wanting to utilize Cloud registering, an information controller client should plainly recognize the information, the preparing operations or the administrations which might be facilitated in Cloud. For each kind of preparing, the client must build up which sorts of information might be concerned. Security, Privacy, and Trust: With the development of the customers' information into the Cloud, suppliers may find them anyplace on the planet. The physical area of server farms decides the arrangement of laws that can be connected to the administration of information (Voorsluys, Broberg, and Buyya, 2011). Security and protection influence the whole Cloud Computing stack, since there is a huge utilization of outsider administrations and frameworks that are utilized to have vital information and to perform basic operations. In such situations, believing the supplier is an essential issue to guarantee the coveted level of security (Buyya, Pandey and Vecchiola, 2009) .Accordingly, it wi nds up plainly pivotal to give profound consideration regarding such legitimate and administrative points of view. Information Lock-Inland Standardization: A noteworthy worry of Cloud Computing clients is about having their information secured by a specific supplier. Clients might need to move information and applications out from a supplier that does not meet their necessities. Nonetheless, in their present shape, Cloud Computing foundations and stages don't utilize standard strategies for putting away clients' information and applications. Subsequently, the interoperate choice is not yet upheld and clients' information are not compact. This is the reason a considerable measure of work is asked for as far as institutionalization and supporting interoperation choice. 5.Accessibility, Fault-Tolerance, and Disaster Recovery It is normal that clients will have certain assumptions about the administration level to be given once their Cloud Computing: Paradigms and Technologies 63 applications are moved to the Cloud. These desires incorporate accessibility of the administration, its general execution, and what measures are to be taken when something turns out badly in the framework or its parts. By and large, clients look for a guarantee before they can serenely move their business to the cloud that is Service Level Agreement (SLA). SLAs, which incorporate QoS necessities, must be in a perfect world settled to cover many issues, for example, the administration accessibility, the adaptation to non-critical failure, and the catastrophe recuperation. Asset Management and Energy-Efficiency One vital test confronted by suppliers of Cloud Computing administrations is the proficient administration of virtualized asset pools. Physical assets, for example, CPU centers, plate space, and system data transfer capacity must be cut and shared among virtual machines running conceivably heterogeneous workloads (Voorsluys, Broberg, Venugopal, and Buyya 2009). Notwithstanding streamline application execution, dynamic asset administration can likewise enhance usage and subsequently limit vitality utilization in server farms. This should be possible by reasonably combining workload onto more modest number of servers and killing inactive assets. Looks into around there are unending and still in requirement for additional. References Dan Sullivan: Five hybrid cloud security issues to overcome https://searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com/tip/Hybrid-cloud-Its-not-as-secure-as-you-think Voorsluys, J. Broberg, and R. Buyya, Introduction to Cloud Computing, in Cloud Computing: Principles and Paradigms, ed. by R. Buyya, J. Broberg, A.Goscinski (New York: Wiley, 2011), pp. 141 Buyya, S. Pandey, C. Vecchiola, Cloudbus toolkit for market-oriented cloud computing, in Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUDCOM 09), (Beijing, 2009), pp. 2444 Voorsluys, J. Broberg, S. Venugopal, and R. Buyya, Cost of virtual machine live migration in clouds: A performance evaluation, in Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Cloud Computing, (Beijing, 2009), pp. 254265 Deepak Puthal 2013 Cloud Computing Features, Issues, and Challenges: A Big Picture ; B.P.S. Sahoo; Sambit Mishra; Satyabrata Swain F. Ciullo, C. Zucco, B. Calabrese, G. Agapito, P. H. Guzzi, M. Cannataro, "Computational challenges for sentiment analysis in life sciences",High Performance Computing